All about the inca trail
The Inca Trail, a renowned pre-Columbian trail system in South America that traverses the Andes mountain range, has deep historical and cultural significance worthy of recognition. Its intricate network of roads facilitated communication, exchange and transportation between the ancient communities that inhabited the region. It also served as a religious pilgrimage route to Machu Picchu, an iconic Inca citadel known for its astronomical observatory and stunning landscapes.
The exquisitely designed Inca Trail to Machu Picchu, a 42-kilometer (26-mile) path consisting of ancient stone-paved trails meticulously crafted by the ingenious minds of the Inca Empire during the 15th century, was rediscovered in 1911. Arguably hailed as the Inca Trail of South America. The most impressive and sought-after hiking destination, the trail to the picturesque terrain of Machu Picchu continues to captivate adventure seekers around the world.
The climate of the Inca Trail is generally mild throughout the year. However, there is rain from November to March, as well as dry weather from April to October.
The average annual minimum temperature varies between 8°C and 11.2°C (46°F and 52°F). However, the temperature can drop below freezing in June, July and August (32°F). In contrast, the average annual maximum temperature ranges between 20.4°C and 26.6°C (69°F to 80°F).
The geography along the trail is extremely diverse. You will visit different ecological zones and experience abrupt changes in vegetation and climate. You will walk accompanied by the immense snow-capped mountains of the Andes and then enter the dense Amazon jungle.
Featured locations within this range of archaeological sites include iconic locations such as Llactapata, Runkurakay and Phuyupatamarca. Of course, the focus is on the magnificent citadel of Machu Picchu, the centerpiece of this trail.
Along the Inca Trail, hikers have the opportunity to explore several impressive archaeological sites that provide a fascinating insight into the history and culture of the region. Some of the most notable archaeological sites visited during the Inca Trail include:
Piscacucho (km 82): The official starting point of the Inca Trail, near Ollantaytambo. Here the traveler can find some archaeological remains before embarking on the walk.
Llactapata: Approximately 10 km from Piscacucho. Llactapata is an archaeological site that offers a panoramic view of Machu Picchu in the distance.
Runkurakay: A small circular structure that probably served as a checkpoint along the Inca Trail.
Sayacmarca: A well-preserved citadel that provides a panoramic view of the surrounding valley.
Phuyupatamarca: Archaeological complex located in an elevated place called “The City of the Clouds”. It offers spectacular views and is one of the most impressive parts of the trip.
Wiñay Wayna: is a complex of platforms and agricultural structures, recognized for its beauty and its name, which means “Always Young” in Quechua.
Inti Punku (Puerta del Sol): Not only is it a viewpoint with panoramic views of Machu Picchu, but it also has historical significance as the main entrance to the site.
Machu Picchu: The final and most emblematic destination of the Inca Trail. Machu Picchu is an incredibly well-preserved Inca citadel and recognized worldwide as one of the wonders of the world.
When undertaking the extensive route of the Inca Trail, it is essential to equip yourself properly. Be sure to bring trekking shoes, preferably ones you’ve worn before and with waterproof properties for navigating the terrain.
Remember to include sunglasses, caps or hats to protect yourself from the sun and warm, windproof clothing to face climate change. A hiking backpack will be your ally to carry your belongings comfortably. Pay attention to the essential sunscreen, since you will be exposed to solar radiation for hours.
Find out here the packing list you should bring on the Inca trail to Machu Picchu.
